Civil Law

Our civil practice covers the general law of obligations, contract, and tort under the Indonesian Civil Code, together with the property and ownership disputes that frequently accompany them — a body of law that dates, in its structure, to the colonial era, and that continues to govern the overwhelming majority of private disputes between individuals and businesses that never rise to the scale of a corporate or commercial matter but matter enormously to the people involved in them.

We advise on breach of contract claims, on tortious liability arising from negligence or wrongful conduct, on disputes over ownership, possession, and the rights attaching to movable and immovable property, and on the general contractual principles — validity, capacity, consent, and the consequences of breach — that underlie every other area of our practice, since corporate, commercial, and property law all ultimately rest on the same civil law foundations. Civil matters are often dismissed as routine precisely because the underlying principles are old and well settled; in our experience, it is exactly that familiarity that causes counsel to grow careless, treating a civil claim as a template to be filled in rather than a dispute whose facts deserve the same scrutiny as any other.

For claims involving unlawful acts, we examine the alleged conduct, the harm asserted, and the connection between them. We distinguish established facts from assumptions and assess the evidence supporting the client's account. This preparation helps develop a coherent legal position and identify weaknesses that should be addressed before proceedings advance.